Health Information : Acute Nephritic Syndrome

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What is Acute Nephritic Syndrome?

Acute Nephritic Syndrome is a group of disorders that cause inflammation & swelling of glomeruli in the kidney. It can happen to anyone but mainly it occurs in children between ages 2 and 12 years.

What are the causes of Acute Nephritic Syndrome?

The most common causes of Acute Nephritic Syndrome in children and adolescents are:

• Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
• Henoch-Schönlein purpura
• Hemolytic uremic syndrome
• IgA nephropathy

Common causes in adults include:

• Abdominal abscesses
• Goodpasture syndrome
• Hepatitis B or C
• Infective endocarditis
• Membranoproliferative GN I
• Membranoproliferative GN II
• Rapidly progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis
• SLE or lupus nephritis
• Vasculitis
• Viral diseases such as mononucleosis, measles, mumps

What are the symptoms of Acute Nephritic Syndrome?

The most common symptoms of Acute Nephritic Syndrome are:

• Dark coloured or cloudy urine
• Decreased urine output
• Pain or burning sensation while urinating
• Pain in pelvis
• Swelling of face, eyes, legs, arms, hands, feet and abdomen
• High blood pressure
• Blurred vision
• Shortness of breath
• Headache
• Confused state of mind
• Drowsiness

How can Acute Nephritic Syndrome be treated?

The goal of treatment is to get relief from the symptoms and manage the condition, that involves:

• Control and prevention of high blood pressure
• Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant therapy
• Supportive therapy for renal failure
• Antibiotic therapy